On the LSM Module
Contents
October 15, 2024
As many in the Cosmos community are now aware, it was revealed that a significant portion of the Liquidity Staking Module (LSM), created by Iqlusion for the Cosmos Hub, was developed by North Korean agents. The development of the LSM began in 2021, initiated by the Interchain Foundation (ICF) and led by Iqlusion and Zaki Manian. As the project progressed, it became a principal collaboration between Iqlusion and Stride Labs, with further contributions from Binary Builders and Informal Systems to integrate it into Gaia.
Below, All in Bits (AiB) provides a detailed assessment of the LSM’s development journey—from the first commits to its final implementation on the Cosmos Hub—highlighting concerns about the integrity and security of the LSM. We also examine the actions and omissions of Zaki Manian during the development and promotion of the LSM, which raise serious concerns about the transparency and safety of the Cosmos Hub.
It …
As many in the Cosmos community are now aware, it was revealed that a significant portion of the Liquidity Staking Module (LSM), created by Iqlusion for the Cosmos Hub, was developed by North Korean agents. The development of the LSM began in 2021, initiated by the Interchain Foundation (ICF) and led by Iqlusion and Zaki Manian. As the project progressed, it became a principal collaboration between Iqlusion and Stride Labs, with further contributions from Binary Builders and Informal Systems to integrate it into Gaia.
Below, All in Bits (AiB) provides a detailed assessment of the LSM’s development journey—from the first commits to its final implementation on the Cosmos Hub—highlighting concerns about the integrity and security of the LSM. We also examine the actions and omissions of Zaki Manian during the development and promotion of the LSM, which raise serious concerns about the transparency and safety of the Cosmos Hub.
It …